Small Gastronomic Glossary
A French-Swedish-English dictionary of food terminology
Liten Gastronomisk Ordlista
Important:
It is often VERY difficult to precisely translate the names of some fish. Fish species are not identical in different parts of the world … and the same name may actually be used for different fish. Or, a fish that you can find in one place may simply not exist in another place and therefore will not have a proper (or well known) name in another language. On top of that, names are not always applied consistently – the same fish may (sometimes) be called differently depending on who is selling it or in which region you are… So, do not take this dictionary as Gospel. We appreciate any help or suggestions to improve it!
Some alternative fish sources:
| POISSONNERIE | FISKAFFÄR | FISHMONGER |
|---|---|---|
| ablette, f | siklöja | bleak (small white river fish) |
| aiglefin, f (églefin) | kolja | haddock |
| aiguillat, m | pigghaj | piked dogfish |
| aiguille | näbbgädda | needle fish |
| anchois, m | äkta ansjovis (ej som svensk a.), sardell | anchovies |
| anguille, f | ål | eel |
| araignée, f (~de mer, crabe ~) | spindelkrabba | spider crab |
| arête, f | fiskben | fish bone |
| bar, m (? loup de mer) | havsabborre (silver-grå-blå rygg, vit buk) fr. Atlanten | wolffish (Atlantic) (seabass ?) |
| barbue, f | slätvar | brill |
| belon | platt ostron från Belon (huitre plate till skillnad fr. huitre creuse) | shallow oyster from Belon |
| baudroie, f, boudroie, f | marulk | anglerfish |
| brème, f | braxen | bream |
| brochet, m | gädda | pike |
| bulot, m (buccin, bourgot, buccinum undatum) | valthornssnäcka | whelk (sea snail) |
| cabillaud, m (=morue fraîche) (?morue) | torsk | cod |
| calamar | bläckfisk | squid |
| carpe, f | karp | carp |
| carrelet, m | rödspätta | plaice |
| chien de mer, m | pigghaj | dogfish |
| colin, m (merluche, lieu) (?merlu) | kummel | hake |
| congre, m | havsål | conger eel |
| coquille Saint Jacques, f | pilgrimsmussla | scallop |
| coquillages, m (norm. pl) | skaldjur | shellfish |
| coteau, m | knvimussal (avlång sorts mussla) | razor shell, razor clam |
| crabe, m (?tourteau) | krabba | crab |
| crevette, f | räka | prawn, shrimp |
| (huitre) creuse, f | avlångt ostron | oblong oyster |
| crustacés, m (norm. pl), fruits de mer, coquillages, m | skaldjur | shellfish |
| darne, f (de saumon) | skiva tvärsöver (laxen) laxkotlett | slice across the whole fish |
| daurade, f, dorade, f | medelhavsfisk (guldbrax, havsbrax) | sea bream |
| dorade grise (f) | havsruda | black seabream |
| décortiqué | skalad | peeled |
| désarêté | ~ filead | without fish bones |
| écaillé | fjällad | scaled |
| écrevisse, f | kräfta | cray fish, craw fish, yabbi (Australia) |
| églefin (?aiglefin) | ||
| empereur, m | kejsarfisk ? | beryx fish, sea emperor |
| en filet | filead | filleted |
| encornet,m | bläckfisk (liten, konisk) | squid |
| escargot, m | snigel | snail |
| espadon, m | svärdfisk | swordfish |
| esturgeon | stör | sturgeon |
| étrille, f | strandkrabba | shore crab |
| féra, f (corégone) | sik (?), en fisk från djupa insjöar, speciellt i Alperna (Lac dAnnecy etc), anses vara mycket bra | whitefish (from deep sweet water lakes) |
| flet commun, m | skrubbskädda | flounder |
| flétan, m (de lAtlantique) | hälleflundra | (Atlantic) halibut |
| flétan noir | hellefisk | Greenland halibut |
| fumet, m (~ de poission) | fiskbuljong | fish stock |
| grondin, m | knorrhane | gurnard, gurnet |
| +hareng, m | sill | herring |
| +hareng Baltique | strömming | Baltic herring |
| +homard, m | hummer | lobster |
| huître, m | ostron | oyster |
| julienne, f | långa, vitfisk med mycket ömtåligt kött | ling |
| lamproie, f (de mer, de rivière) | nejonöga | lamprey (lampern) |
| langouste, f | langust | rock lobster (spiny lobster) |
| langoustine, f | havskräfta | scampi/langoustine/Norway lobster |
| lavaret, m | sik | pollan |
| lieu, m (jaune) | lyrtorsk | pollack |
| lieu noir, m | gråsej, sej | saithe, coley, coalfish |
| limande, f (sole limande) | sandskädda | dab, (lemon sole?) |
| lingue | långa | ling, stake |
| lompe | sjurygg, stenbit (hane), kvabbso (hona) | lumpfish, lumpsucker |
| lotte, f (de mer) | (sorts) havslake, marulk (exakta överensstämmelsen ar osäker) | monkfish |
| lotte (de rivière) | lake | burbot |
| loubine ? bar | ||
| loup, m (? bar) | havsabborre fr. Medelhavet | seabass (Mediterranean) |
| loup de mer, m | havskatt, kotlettfisk | wolffish |
| maquereau, m | makrill | mackerel |
| merlan, m | vitling | whiting |
| merlu(s), m (?colin) | kummel | hake |
| merluche, f | kabeljo, torkad torsk (e.a.), stockfisk | dried cod |
| morue, f, (sechée) (=merluche, stockfish) | saltad och torkad torsk, kabeljo | dried and salted cod |
| morue, f, fraîche (? cabillaud) | torksk el. lenrimmad (lätt saltad) torsk | cod, or lightly salted cod |
| moule, f | mussla, blåmussla | mussel |
| mulet, m | multefisk | |
| omble chevalier, m | röding | arctic char |
| oursin, m | sjöborre | urchin |
| palourde, f | venusmussla | clam |
| parures (f) de poisson | fiskrens | fish guts |
| pavé, m (~ de saumon) | tjock skiva tvärs över (lax)filén | thick slice across the filet |
| perche, f | abborre | perch |
| perche de nil | nilabborre, egyptisk abborre | nile perch |
| pétoncle, m (~petite coquille St Jacques) | liten variant av pilgrimsmussla | bay scallop |
| (huitre) plate, f | runt/ovalt ostron | round or oval oyster |
| plie, f (~ cynoglosse, ~ grise) | rödspätta | plaice |
| poulpe, m | bläckfisk | octopus |
| raie, f (aile de ~) | rocka (rockavinge) | ray, skate |
| rascasse, f | drakhuvudfisk, sargassoulk, kungsfisk, uer | scorpion fish |
| rouget, m | rödbarb, rödstimmig mullus | rouget, red mullet (in some cases red snapper, but that seems to be a much bigger warm water fish) |
| rouget barbet | ? (mullus?) | red mullet |
| rouget grondin | knot, knorrhane | gurnard |
| rouget de roche | rödstrimmig mullus | surmullet, (striped) red mullet |
| saint-pierre, m | saktpetersfisk, sorts havsfisk (petrusfisk, sanktperfisk) | John Dory |
| sandre, m | gös | pike-perch |
| sardine, f | sardin | sardine |
| saumon, m | lax | salmon |
| sébaste, m (grand s.) | kungsfisk, uer, rödfisk, (kolja?) | redfish |
| seiche, f | bläckfisk | cuttlefish |
| sole, m | sjötunga | sole |
| sole limande cf. limande | ||
| sprat | småfisk, ofta serverad friterad | |
| thon/steak de thon, m | tonfisk, tonfiskskiva | tuna |
| tourteau, m | krabba | crab |
| truite, f | regnbåge/forell | trout |
| truite saumonnée | havsöring (?) (oftast odlad) | trout |
| turbot, m | piggvar | turbot |
| turbotin, m | liten piggvar | small turbot |
| vidé, adj | urtagen | gutted |
| vive (grand v.) | fjärsing, liten salt | great weever |
Huitres:
- Plates (”fines” et ”spéciales”), ”calibres”, classification en taille (poids):
- Pied de cheval: >160g
- 0000: 120g-160g
- 000: 100g-120g
- 00: 90g-100g
- 0: ~80g
- 1: ~70g
- 2: ~60g
- 3: ~50g
- 4: ~40g
- 5: ~30g
- 6: ~20g
- Creuses, ”calibres”, classification en taille (poids):
- 0: >150g
- 1: 111g-150g
- 2: 86-110g
- 3: 66g-85g
- 4: 46g-65g
- 5: 30g-45g
Tout sur les huitres: https://terroirs.denfrance.free.fr/s/huitres.html
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